大專學生日間嗜睡症狀與身心健康之相關性

本研究主要探討大專學生的日間嗜睡症狀與身心健康的相關性。資料來源為2009年7月至9月北臺灣二所大專院校的2643名新生自填問卷資料，包含個人生活習慣、及自覺的身心情況（包括簡式健康量表，自評健康分數）等部分。主要採用中文版愛普沃斯嗜睡量表（Chinese Epworth Sleepiness Scale, CESS）進行日間嗜睡的評估，並使用卡方檢定，獨立樣本t檢定，複迴歸分析，及皮爾森（Pearson）相關性分析等統計方法，將上述影響因素進行探討。研究結果發現，大專學生日間嗜睡的比例為27.1%。有情緒困擾問題的比例為21.5%。進行複迴歸分析時，發現女性及有抽菸行為的日間嗜睡的風險較高（OR=1.44,p<0.05）。隨著情緒困擾分數增加，明顯造成日間嗜睡的症狀，其風險值由輕度困擾的2.89倍，中度困擾的3.89 倍，上升到重度困擾的5.04 倍（p<0.01）。而在自覺不快樂，自覺健康比別人狀況較不好，及自評健康分數越低者，其日間嗜睡的症狀的風險越高。由於日間嗜睡症狀對年輕人的學習表現及生命安全有顯著影響，近年來逐漸受到重視。本研究發現女性，有抽菸習慣，有情緒困擾問題，或有自覺身體健康狀況不佳的大專學生，造成日間嗜睡程度的風險增加。因此，對於出現日間嗜睡的年輕族群，除了詳細詢問睡眠狀況，及可能影響睡眠的疾病和藥物外，需要針對有關情緒困擾問題，及對於自己身體健康的滿意程度多加詢問，將有助於鑑別診斷，提早發現日間嗜睡的風險，並提供適當的治療。

The main aims of this study are to investigate the percentage of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) among college students. Association between EDS and physical and mental health were discussed. From July 2009 to September 2009, self-rated questionnaires were distributed to freshmen of 2 colleges in northern Taiwan. The contents of questionnaires included habits, emotion status (Brief Symptom Rating Scale, BSRS-5) and health perception. EDS was rated by Chinese Epworth sleepiness scale (CESS). The data were analyzed by Chi-Square test, t test, multivariate regression analysis test, and Pearson correlation coefficient. The percentage of EDS and emotional disturbance among college students are approximately 27.1% and 21.5, respectively. The odds ratios of EDS of females and smokers were both 1.44 (p<0.05). The EDS risk was higher in subjects with different emotional disturbance levels (mild/moderate/severe), OR= 2.89/3.89/5.04, (p < 0.01). Poor happiness and health perception, lower health score also increased the risk of EDS. Youths who suffer from EDS should have regular assessment of their emotional disturbance and health perception. This study points out important factors causing EDS in the youth population, such as female gender, smoking habit, and physical and mental health, thus allowing physicians to offer appropriate screening and treatment to these youth adults.