軟體業經營效率之實證研究——以中國上市公司為例

本研究採用資料包絡法(DEA)之CCR模式與BCC模式，探討與分析中國軟體產業各公司各年度(2001年與 2002年)相對經營效率，並探討軟體業 2001年與 2002年整體經營效率之變遷。本研究之結果發現於 2001 年中國軟體公司中，以 CCR效率值作為標準，炎黃物流、中國軟件、用友軟件與浪潮軟件等四家公司，其效率高於其他公司。另以BCC效率值作為標準，比特科技、中創信測、炎黃物流、新太科技、新宇軟件、宏智科技、托普軟件、億陽信通、航太資訊、中國軟件、廣電資訊、用友軟件與浪潮軟件等13家公司，其效率高於其他公司。2002 年中國軟體公司中，以CCR效率值作為標準，航太資訊、廣電資訊、用友軟件與浪潮軟件等四家公司，其效率高於其他公司。以BCC 效率值作為標準，比特科技、中創信測、炎黃物流、新宇軟件、南天資訊、托普軟件、億陽信通、航太資訊、中國軟件、廣電資訊、用友軟件與浪潮軟件等 12 家公司，其效率高於其他公司。另 2001 年與 2002 年顯示整體之效率有下降之情況，進一步分析發現，CCR 模式 2002 年之效率低於 2001 年效率，但 BCC 模式 2002 年之效率卻高於2001 年效率。這表示中國各別軟體公司無法配合中國軟體市場之成長而成長。。本研究之貢獻為：1.文獻上較少以 DEA 評估中國軟體產業得出各軟件公司之效率值，本研究可補文獻上之不足。2.本研究亦探討軟體產業效率之變遷，CCR 模式年度效率之變遷是下降，但 BCC 模式年度效率之變遷卻是上升。這表示中國軟體公司規模無效率所致。

This study adopts CCR and BCC model of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to investigate and analyze the operational efficiency of China software companies in 2001 and2002, and the change of efficiency between year 2001 and year 2002. The results show that Jiangsu Chinese Online Logistics, CS&S, UFIDA and LangChao Inc. have operational efficiency to compare with other companies under CCR model in 2001; BitST, ZC&C, Jiangsu, SunTek, SEST, HongZhi, Topsoft, Bright Oceans, Aerospace Information, CS&S, Svainfo, UFIDA and LangChoa Inc. have better operational efficiency under BCC model in2001; Aerospace Information, Svainfo, UFIDA and LangChoa Inc. have better operational efficiency than other companies under CCR model in 2002; BitST, ZC&C, Jiangsu, SEST, Nantian, Topsoft, Bright Oceans, Aerospace Information, CS&S, Svainfo, UFIDA and LangChoa Inc. have better efficiency under BCC model in 2002. In addition, the total operational efficiency in 2002 may be decreased to compare with that in 2001. Further analysis, the interesting findings are that the total operational efficiency under CCR model in2002 is decreased to compare with that in 2001, but the total operational efficiency under BCC model in 2002 may be decreased to compare with that in 2001. This implies that the efficiency of software compaies in China may not follow and match the growth of China market. The contributions of this paper are:Little literature evaluating operational efficiency is available to use DEA in the software companies; this research may support the related literature.This paper provides information of the operational efficiency in individual software companies and change of the operational efficiency between year 2001 and 2002.The total operational efficiency change of software industry shows scale inefficiency.