幼兒戲劇遊戲之性別差異研究

The gender difference of children's dramatic play

本研究之目的乃在觀察扮演區情境改變後，幼兒戲劇遊戲的情形，並探討不同扮演情境佈置下幼兒戲劇遊戲的性別差異。本研究以觀察、訪談及文件蒐集等方式進行資料的建立。研究對象為25位幼稚園大班幼兒；研究場域主要是教室中的扮演區及語文區；研究設計是改變娃娃家的佈置，以提供幼兒進行戲劇遊戲的扮演。研究結果發現如下；(一)情境改變後男生進入扮演區的人數比例顯著增加，而女生的差異較小。(二)情境改變後幼兒扮演的主題及內容皆更加豐富多元。(三)改變情境後男生在角色扮演及說明扮演情境脈絡比改變前更多樣、具體。(四)偏向男性化物品的扮演情境中男生在物體轉換、口語溝通、社會互動以及戲劇活動持續性上皆比女生有較多的積極呈現。(五)偏向女生化物品的扮演情境中女生在物體轉換、戲劇主題內容、角色轉換、後設溝通、社會互動以及戲劇活動持續性上皆比男生有較多的積極呈現。(六)女生在偏向女性化物品的扮演情境中、男生在偏向男性化物品的扮演情境中，會出現較明顯的性別刻板印象。

The purpose of this study was to explore how the change of dranatic objects impacted children's play， and to discuss the gender difference of children's dramatic play.Based on a qualitative research approach，the data were collected from observation，interview，video-recording，and document collecting The research was performed in dramatic play center and language center of a private kindergarten.Twenty-five children (mean age=5.458 years old)were observed during their dramatic play.The research design was to change the circumstance of drama so that the children could take different dramatic play.The findings this study were as follows;1.After changing the circumstance of drama，the rate of boys entering the dramatic play center significantly increased.The change in girls was less.2.After changing the circumstance of drama，the theme and content of dramatic play were more diverse and plentiful.3.After changing the circumstance of drama，boy's role play and explanation of role context were more specific and diverse than before.4.In the circumstance of drama with masculine objects，boys were more active than girls.5.In the circumstance of drama with feminine objects，girls were more active than boys.6.When girls were in the circumstance of drama with feminine objects and boys were in the circumstance of drama with masculine objects，all of them showed signifcant gender stereotype.