1950、60年代臺灣的卡介苗預防接種計畫

The BCG Vaccination Program in Taiwan in the 1950s and 1960s

本文以1950 、60 年代台灣的BCG 預防接種為例，說明戰後台灣結核防治技術與國際接軌的過程。這項預防接種計劃係以世界衛生組織的標準作法為藍本，透過在台灣部分地區的小型試驗，防癆單位建立BCG 在台灣全面推廣的基礎。本文嘗試透過以下幾個面向：1 、台灣的BCG 疫苗如何從實驗室研究走到小型田野試驗，進而全面性的強制接種； 2 、台灣BCG 疫苗的生產； 3 、接種員的技術訓練； 4 、醫界對於BCG 疫苗的質疑等，討論一個全球性的疫苗，特別是西方社會的防治技術，如何被引進與實踐的過程。

This paper examines the use of BCG vaccination in Taiwan in the 1950s and 1960s. It is taken as an example to explain how tuberculosis prevention in Taiwan was connected to the international standard. The vaccination project was based on the WHO standard and performed as a small scale trial in certain regions of Taiwan. An appropriate method had been developed prior to the implementation of the vaccination plan for the whole population. This paper attempts to discuss global vaccination through the following aspects: 1. When BCG arrived in Taiwan, the way in which it moved from a laboratory study, through small field trials and centers, and to the compulsory vaccination of the population; 2. the techniques of BCG vaccine production in Taiwan; 3. the training of the BCG vaccinators; 4. concerns and reservations about the BCG vaccine. Of these aspects, special consideration is given to the delineation of the process through which a western preventive technique was introduced and implemented in the Taiwanese society.