夏綠蒂的語言學或域外之線論⋘夏綠蒂的網⋙中兒童幻想敘事之三層意涵

The Linguistics of Charlotte's Web or the Line of the Outside-On the Three Perspectives of Meaning of Children's Fantasy in Charlotte's Web

E. B.懷特(White, E. B.)的《夏綠蒂的網》以一段兒童的幻想敘事（即蜘蛛夏綠蒂以網織字的敘事）來構成該文之主要核心。此段幻想敘事又以符號生成的場景為其重心，同時涉及能指與所指的生成片刻，又涉及話語敘事的編造（虛構）。我們想要從三方面來探究該文中的這段兒童幻想敘事的意含。第一，以兒童心理學和語言學的角度，將該段兒童幻想敘事作為兒童語言學習的語言學理論文本來閱讀其中兒童言語機制和符號起源的問題。第二，以精神分析的角度，試圖去探明此段幻想敘事與兒童成長危機的關係。第三，從文學理論的角度，去看該段兒童幻想敘事如何構成參與此一兒童文學經典文本的文學性。這三層面向皆繫於那段幻想敘事中主角蜘蛛所吐出的絲線，我們也將經由上述三層分析來逼顯此線之域外性質和說明兒童文學作為域外文學之可能。

In Charlotte's Web, the author E. B. White used a child's fantasy, the narration spider Charlotte spun, to construct the core of the text. This fantastic narration is set on a stage consisted of signs which indicate not only the moment signifier and signified come into being but also the fiction of the narration of words. In this article, the researcher will discuss the meaning of this child's fantasy from three perspectives. Firstly, the researcher will study children language mechanism and the origin of signs by reading this fantasy as the linguistic theory text of children's language learning from the perspective of children's psychology and linguistics. Secondly, the researcher will examine how the fantasy is related to the crisis in a child's growth from the perspective of psychoanalysis. Thirdly, the researcher will review how this fantasy performs the literariness of this children's literature classic from the perspective of literary criticism. These three perspective are webbed in the threads the spider, the protagonist of the fantasy, spin. Through the analysis of these perspectives, we can make the outsideness of the threads emerge and explain the possibility of children's literature as literature of the outside.