臺灣刀療法與刀療行為之研究

The Traditional Knife Healing in Taiwan Research of Knife Healing Behavior

「刀療法」為台灣民俗療法之一，它是一種利用鋒利的刀刃在身上砍，以此做為治療病痛的療法，本研究主要在探討「接受刀療者何以採用刀療法」做為治療病痛之問題，並以「民俗醫療、中西醫的意見與評價、接受刀療者對刀療知識的詮釋、醫病互動、信仰行為」等相關知識範疇，做為接受刀療者何以採用刀療之原因，及「刀療法」如何在現代社會取信於人，其行為的意義、社會文化背後隱含有醫學、社會網絡、宗教信仰、心理等的相關脈絡問題。本研究以10位接受刀療者的深度訪談為主，記錄刀療的原因、過程和接受刀療者對刀療知識與行為的看法及詮釋；另外訪談了刀療協會的3位刀療師，此3位刀療師曾亦是接受刀療者，從當初如何由病患轉而成為刀療師的心路歷程，及創立協會的宗旨、刀療協會的組織結構及運作狀況；為了進一步了解中西醫學者對刀療的看法，並訪談了6位中西醫師，他們對刀療法的意見與評價，以釐清刀療法的醫學相關問題。研究發現：接受刀療者用此療法與民俗醫療的文化、知識學理依據、醫病互動、信仰行為等脈絡有極大的相關性，尤其可提供病理的解釋，以紓解病痛不舒服行為；刀療師與接受刀療者之間有共同的信念，致使治療產生心理與社會的效果。刀用在接受刀療者身上時，已產生神奇的療效，這應是宗教的性質；同時藉由刀療行為之研究，說明反思性的路徑在學術研究的可行性與重要性，進一步可作為日後無論是在學術或是醫學研究之參考。

”Knife Healing” is one of folk treatments in Taiwan. Using keen chopper to chop on the body to cure diseases. This article propose ”why do people choose Knife Healing to cure their diseases and believe the efficiency of Knife Healing”? Firstly, why to choose ”Knife Healing” studies based on opinions among folk treatments, western and Chinese medicine, and ”Knife Healing” knowledge of patients and interaction of healers and patients and regional brief. Secondly, study how do ”Knife Healing” be convinced today? There are medical, internet, regional brief, psychology and some problems hidden behind the behave and social culture. Therefor, we interviewed ten patients who accepted the treatment of ”Knife Healing” and recorded not only the reasons that they chosen and process of ”Knife Healing” treatment, but also their viewpoints. Meanwhile, we also interviewed three ”Knife Healing” healers who used to be patients to know the goal of creating the ”Knife Healing” association and structure and operation of it. Further, we interview six doctors including herb doctors to know their opinions about ”Knife Healing” and help us to understand some medicine questions related to ”Knife Healing.” Finally, We find the patients cured by ”Knife Healing” interrelate very much among folk treatments, medical, knowledge, interaction of healers and patients and regional brief. Especially offering a good explain in reducing the paint in pathology after ”Knife Healing.” Apparently, common brief on both healers and patients cause well psychology and social efficiency on the treatment of ”Knife Healing.” When chopper is chopped on the patient, magic treatment has been resulted already. All of this should be belong to religion brief. The research of ”Knife Healing” fulfilled the possibility and important of the behavior of ”Knife Healing.” And also can provide academia and medicine for reference further.