科學化？西醫化？台灣中醫發展的醫政分析

Scientific? Westernized? An Analysis on Medical Policy Development of Chinese Medicine in Taiwan

自古以來，中醫一直是華人國家與社會中具支配性的醫療主體，但當西方的科學醫學傳入之後，中西醫療便進入了一種競爭衝突的關係中。然而這種競爭衝突關係的結果卻讓中醫逐漸退出國家醫政的支配領域，成為民間社會之醫療體係的一環，更甚者，在西醫醫政的意圖操控下，中醫在民間社會上所盤據的地位也岌岌可危，顯見中醫在其發展上的困境與無奈。於是為扭轉這般頹勢，中醫在發展上便逐漸地自我調整與改變，進而朝往科學化的方向進展。然而在中西醫學一元化的大纛下，卻有論者認為中醫發展已陷入了另一種危機中，即被西醫化的危機。為探討這樣的發展境況，本文以醫政上的論述、謀略和權力等三面向，來分別就台灣醫療體制中具支配性的醫療觀念、政策布局，以及中、西醫療間的競逐關係進行檢視與分析，試圖勾勒出中醫發展過程之科學化或西醫化的可能脈動，進而提出檢討與反省。

For centuries before the introduction of the Western medicine into the Chinese society, the Chinese medicine had been the dominating role in the medication mainstream. However, since then, Chinese and Western medicines were in conflict, and the main role of Chinese medicine was gradually replaced by the Western one. Eventually, the Chinese medicine runs into a developmental dilemma under the control of Western medical police. To breakthrough such difficulties, the Chinese medicine moves along the scientific path. Nevertheless, its' being scientific has been criticized as a crisis of being westernized. To explore the twisting relationship between the Chinese and Western medicine, the present study aims to examine and analyze a developmental tendency of being westernized of Chinese medicine from the perspectives of medical police with respect to discourse, strategy and power. The discussion hopes to offer insightful thoughts for reviewing and evaluating our medical policy.