諮商心理師倫理判斷與倫理行為之調查研究

A Survey Study on Ethical Judgments and Behavior of Certified Counseling Psychologists

本研究之目的在探討諮商心理師之倫理判斷、判斷信心程度與倫理行為之現況。以自編之「諮商心理師倫理判斷與倫理行為問卷」，經立意取樣邀得103位諮商心理師完成調查問卷。研究發現：一、諮商心理師普遍認為合乎倫理者有6項，分屬不同層面；諮商心理師普遍認為不合乎倫理者，分屬於「非性雙重關係」、「性雙重關係」、「知後同意」、「諮商心理師專業與倫理責任」等層面；倫理判斷信心指數高者，包括「性雙重關係」、「保密及保密的限制」、「知後同意」、「非性雙重關係」及其他等層面。上述倫理議題乃是諮商心理師最有共識與較為熟悉者。二、倫理判斷意見相左且判斷信心程度低者，多屬「收費議題」，此可能為國內專業倫理教育與研究侷限之處。三、在倫理行為方面，諮商心理師最少出現的行為有30項，顯示諮商心理師在相關倫理行為甚為嚴謹；諮商心理師最常出現的行為包括「保密及保密的限制」、「非性雙重關係」、「技術使用之適切性」及其他等層面，相關議題值得注意。四、諮商心理師倫理判斷與倫理行為大部分相符，但其中仍有8項倫理行為與倫理判斷不一致，值得倫理教育與研究做後續探討。

The study aimed to explore ethical judgments, degree of confidence in judgments, and ethical behaviors of counseling psychologists. The survey was conducted by way of purposeful sampling and 103 counseling psychologists were invited to complete the self-designed "Ethical Judgment and Behavior Questionnaire for Certified Counseling Psychologists". The findings of the survey are as follows: (1) Among those different aspects covered, there are six items conceived by the psychologists as generally ethical, while items conceived as unethical appertain to "non-sexual dual relationship", "sexual dual relationship", "informed consent", "professionalism and ethical responsibility of the counseling psychologist". Items with high confidence in ethical judgments include "sexual dual relationship", "confidentiality and confidentiality limits","informed consent", "non-sexual dual relationship", and so on. The above-mentioned issues were where the counseling psychologists gained the most consensus and familiarity; (2) Items with discrepancies in the opinions of ethical judgments and low confidence in judgments mainly fell on the "charging issue", which may be a limitation of professional ethical education and research of Taiwan; (3) In terms of ethical behaviors, 30 items appeared least in counseling psychologists, suggesting their prudence in ethical related behavior. The most frequent behaviors appeared among the counseling psychologists include "confidentiality and confidentiality limits", "non-sexual dual relationship", "technique appropriateness", and so on, with notable relevant issues; and (4) Most ethical judgments and behaviors met with each other, while eight discrepancies emerged to be worth further discussion in the area of ethical education and research.