都市河岸部落居民的洪患風險與防洪工程識覺

Urban Riverbank Tribal Residents' Flooding Risk and Perception of Flood Control Project

都市邊緣地區常面臨較高的災害風險，而位於該區域內的聚落往往也是高脆弱性群體的居住地。以災害治理的角度，除了運用工程與政策手段降低災害風險，更應理解人對災害的認知，才能發揮各種軟、硬體防減災工程的效益。本研究以桃園市崁津部落為例，運用現地調查及半結構式深度訪談蒐集資料，並以主題分析法歸納主題，從洪災識覺理解居民如何認知公部門為部落施作的各種軟、硬體防洪工程，以探究居民調適行為。研究發現，政府公資源投入都市河岸部落後，除改善民生問題、降低脆弱性外，也以興建排水系統及堤防等工程手段降低暴露於洪患之風險，後續更將以變更都市河川治理線的政策手段提升部落社會韌性。從都市洪患治理的角度，本研究建議除工程與政策手段之外，亦應著墨居民的洪災風險識覺及地方依附，以更深層理解都市河岸聚落的災害脆弱性根源因素。

Marginal urban areas face higher disaster risk, making their inhabitants more vulnerable. Although applying the engineering-and-policy-approach is important to reduce disaster risk, understanding people's disaster perception to maximize the benefits of this approach is more critical. This study conducted field surveys and semi-structured interviews for a thematic inductive analysis of the Pamatangan, an indigenous tribe on the left bank of the Dahan River, Taoyuan City. We investigated residents' perceived flood risk and its reduction through the engineer-and-policy-approach. Results show that public-sector provided resources reduce vulnerability by improving livelihood and exposure to flood risk by constructing drainage and embankment. Moreover, the government plans to exclude the settlement from river reservation by legalizing their land rights in the foreseeable future to increase the community's resilience. Furthermore, policy approaches, residents' risk perception, land ownership, and place attachment are root causes for vulnerability, and need deeper understanding.