| 英文摘要 |
Sport-related concussion (SRC) could be caused by either direct impact to head or indirect biomechanical force transferred from other body area. SRC affects not only the brain but several systems including cervical spine, vestibular and oculomotor system. The symptoms could even last for years after the injury. Besides, some cases may also suffer from serious consequences such as chronic traumatic encephalopathy and second impact syndrome. Identification of the potential concussed athlete with a comprehensive evaluation is the key to manage SRC. A comprehensive return to play protocol and rehabilitation require on site examination to remove the possible or confirmed concussion athlete with the following thorough examination of all the affected system. Several return to play protocols have been developed by sporting bodies abroad. Though the exact details vary, initial rest for 24-48 hours followed by a graduated return to play process are the cornerstone of these protocols. Prevention of SRC is another topic needed to be addressed. Currently, the most effective way to prevent SRC is through the modification of rules. In recent years, SRC has been increasingly emphasized abroad; however, this issue has not yet been taken seriously in Taiwan. This article would cover the etiology, prevalence, and pathophysiology of SRC followed by the thorough evaluation and return to play program design and finally the current evidence of prevention. The aim of the article is to provide a deeper insight of SRC to clinical practitioners to assist the evaluation and management of SRC. |
