| 英文摘要 |
The outbreak of COVID-19 at the end of 2019 not only brought serious harm to the life and health of the people and the normal operation of society in mainland China, but also tested the ability of the medical and health system in mainland China to cope with the sudden public health crisis. Generally speaking, the economic development of a country can provide the economic basis for the government to expand the scale of medical and health expenditure, and high-quality medical and health services can also effectively promote economic development. Based on the current situation of medical and health financial expenditure in mainland China, this paper analyzes the medical and health financial expenditure in the medical and health field from three aspects : the scale, structure and responsibility of medical and health financial expenditure. From the perspective of scale, the proportion of medical and health fiscal expenditure in total fiscal expenditure also gradually increased from 6.83% in 2011 to 7.42% in 2018. However, compared with the other two of the three major items of people ’s livelihood expenditure, education and social security expenditure, the proportion of medical and health expenditure is the lowest. From the structural point of view, on the one hand, the medical and health expenditure in the eastern region is significantly more than that in the central and western regions, and the gap between the regions is increasing over time ; on the other hand, with the rapid development of medical and health undertakings in mainland China, the continuous reduction of public health institutions means that insufficient attention has been paid to public health and disease prevention. From the perspective of government responsibility, in terms of health care fiscal expenditure, local government fiscal expenditure accounts for up to 99 %, facing huge expenditure pressure. Therefore, the optimization of the medical and health financial system in mainland China should increase the total amount of medical and health financial expenditure, rationally adjust the structure of medical and health financial expenditure, scientifically divide the expenditure responsibility of central and local finance, and strengthen preventive medical expenditure from the perspective of improving financial governance ability, so as to establish a more perfect medical and health service system and improve the overall quality of the medical and health system. |
