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篇名
瑕疵概念的擴大與民法修正的解釋論課題(譯文)
並列篇名
The Expanded Concept of Defect and the Interpretation Theory Regarding Amendments of the Civil Code
作者 張韻琪黃詩淳
中文摘要
本文主要探討日本民法第五七○條規定之瑕疵擔保責任中的「瑕疵」要件,並聚焦於「瑕疵」與債權法修正之「契約責任化」中的「標的物不符合責任」之關係。本文分析日本判例,可發現其承認的瑕疵概念,從僅承認「經濟上瑕疵」和「絕對物理上瑕疵」,擴張到亦包含「相對物理上瑕疵」、「心理上瑕疵」、「外部情事所造成的瑕疵」。此種因為買賣標的物的效用擴大造成賣主責任之擴大之情形,是日本與臺灣法中可見的共通傾向。本文認為,若將債權法修正的「品質等不符合」之要件與「瑕疵概念的擴大」一事一同考慮,可以指出將來研究的方向,應包含下列三者。首先,應將契約關係與瑕疵具體地類型化,來顯示各個情況下適合的債務不履行效果。其次,有必要將「瑕疵擔保」、「債務不履行」、「說明義務違反」等責任法理的相互關係加以整理;最後,還必須對於標的物不符合責任中的「補正請求」、「損害賠償請求」、「解除」,以及說明義務違反的責任之根據的「契約的內容」加以明確化。
英文摘要 This article aimed at discussing the concept of “defect” in warranty system under Art. 570 of the Japanese Civil Code, and would focus on the relationship between “defect” and “non-compliant subject matter liability” in “contractualized liability” under the amended Contract Law. By analyzing the legal precedents, this article found that the concept of “defect” has expanded from “economic” and “absolute physical” defects to “relative physical”, “mental” defects and those caused by external circumstances. The expansion of seller’s duty, which was common under Japanese and Taiwanese legal systems, was resulted from the expansion of subject matter’s utility. If considering the “non-compliance of quality” and “expanding concept of defect” together, we can conclude three directions for future study. First, we need to concretely categorize the contractual relationship and defect to demonstrate the consequences for different non-performance circumstances. Second, it is necessary to reexamine the relationships among “warranty system”, “non-performance” and “violation of disclosure duty”. Lastly, we need to clarify the “right to ask for healing the defect”, “right to claim for damage” and “right to rescind” under non-compliant subject matter liability as well as the “contract content” under the “violation of disclosure duty”. 
起訖頁 27-36
關鍵詞 瑕疵擔保責任瑕疵概念瑕疵類型日本債權法修正契約責任說Warranty SystemConcept of DefectType of Defect
刊名 月旦法學雜誌
出版單位 元照出版公司
期數 201702 (261期)
DOI 10.3966/102559312017020261003  複製DOI  DOI申請
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