| 英文摘要 |
Inflammatory bowel diseases that includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease cause the symptoms of bloody stool, abdominal pain, diarrhea and fever. These conditions can result in severe complica-tions such as intestinal obstruction, intra-abdominal abscess, and intestinal perforation. The anti-in-flammatory medication, corticosteroid and anti-TNF agents are initially chosen as the conservative treatment in clinical practices. The surgical interventions may also be used to treat the complications. The etiologies of inflammatory bowel diseases are still not fully understood. The incurable, long-term and recurrent gastrointestinal inflammation can cause anxiety, worries, depression, fatigue, poor qual-ity of life and work interruptions in patients with these conditions. The incidence rate of inflammatory bowel diseases increases each year and the standardized mortality ratio of inflammatory bowel diseas-es in Taiwan is higher than the global one. Additionally, there are few domestic research in this area. Therefore, a comprehensive literature was reviewed in this article to inform clinical practice. The results showed that the genes, environment exposure, gut microbiota, and intestinal immune response are related to inflammatory bowel diseases. Palliative cares, such as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiot-ics, or enteral nutrition, are used to maintain intestinal balance for reducing bowel inflammation and provide nutritional support. Moreover, mood and stress management, and regular medication are con-sidered as effective strategies to reduce recurrence, inflammatory response, and complications. This article can help medical staffs and nurses to understand the types, differential diagnosis, pathogenesis, medical management, and nursing care of inflammatory bowel diseases in order to improve the quality of clinical management and reduce the relapse rate. However, we suggest that more nursing empirical research is needed to provide evidence-based care and guidelines in this field. |
