| 英文摘要 |
Gülen movement emerged in the 1960s’ in Turkey, when the government embraced multi-party system and liberal policies. In the beginning of the movement, Gülen worked as a vaiz in the mosques preaching his understanding of Islam in (Cuma) sermons on Fridays. He toured in every major city to advocate his ideologies of Islamic revivalism, concerning traditional Koranic and prophetic teachings, multiculturalism in the Islamic Umma, modern education, compatibility of religion with science, as well as reasons and faith etc. He endeavors to urge Muslims to pursue not only the comfort and convenience benefited from modern life, but also to seek self-enhancement as well as elevation of spiritual and religious life, in order to achieve piety toward Allah. The pathway to attain this goal is through physical, inward and spiritual tawheed, as well as universal humanism, which lays upon universal properties, such as love, forgiveness and altruism. Gülens appeals align with the two objectives of aforementioned rejuvenation movements on Islam, that is, the fundamental oneness of God, and the interpretation of beliefs to cope with needs in the modern society. Gülens ideology has created huge inspiration among his followers, as well as the uniqueness it possesses among the relevant rejuvenating movements. This article aims to study Gülens interpretation of Islam by focusing on his three major concepts: reforms from the bottoms, revival of Anatolian Islam, and religious moderation which combines modernity and traditions. |
