| 英文摘要 |
This article attempted to begin with the exploration of Maurice Duverger’s definitions and summarize relevant concepts popular among scholars into three regime types, including “broad semi-presidentialism”, “narrow semi-presidentialism” and “dual-executive system”. Furthermore, the above can be defined into two categories of “executive president” and “non-executive president” according to the criterion of executive power. In terms of the substance of non-executive president, this category can further be divided into two subtypes of “figurehead president” and “arbitral president”; the latter has its origins which can be traced back to Benjamin Constant, the political theorist in the French Revolution period, contended that the Head of State should stay independent, unaffected in order to exercise certain powers to mediate or arbitrate conflicts between state authorities. Moreover, by examining constitutional provisions of sixteen countries, apparently there is a flaw in the misclassification of broad semipresidentialism; thus, we suggested that it might be more proper to divide the category of semi-presidentialism into “arbitral president”, “executive president” and “hybrid president”. Finally, as to the presidential powers defined in our constitution, we found that Taiwan president plays the part of an arbitral president rather than an executive president. In view of this, we proposed some thoughts on the matter. |
