漢文佛教文獻數字化綜覽

A Comprehensive Overview of the Digitization of Chinese Buddhist Literature

隨著互聯網時代的快速發展，越來越多的漢文佛教文獻被數字化，極大地便利了研究者的學術探索。本文對漢文佛教文獻的數字化現狀進行了全面描述，涵蓋超過100種數字化資源，並對使用中的注意事項提出建議。文章從四個類別進行闡述：第一類為「古籍目錄」，介紹中日兩國的佛教古籍資源，包括文獻目錄與電子化成果；第二類為「圖像資源」，分寫本與刻本。寫本部分列舉了敦煌寫卷、吐魯番文書、日本古寫經等目錄與線上圖像資源；刻本部分涵蓋了《金藏》《高麗初雕》等十餘部藏經的圖檔及保存現狀，並列出了研究刻本文獻的相關目錄和電子工具，同時提及石刻拓片的數字化現狀；第三類為「文本資源」，評述CBETA、SAT等十餘種數據庫並提醒注意事項；第四類為「工具與方法」，介紹辭典、目錄、多語種對勘、文本重合度比對、經文數字化整理等工具，並探討語詞量化分析、視覺化呈現、大規模文本整理等數字化研究的主要方法。最後，本文提出了使用數字資源的步驟，研究者可以在傳統文獻學的指導下，全面認識與應用數字資源、綜合利用多種數字化成果、構建專屬數據庫以及開展大規模研究為主要路徑，循序漸進地推動數字化資源的學術應用。本文末尾附數據庫鏈接匯總。

 

With the rapid advancement of the internet era, the digitization of Chinese Buddhist texts has expanded significantly, offering unprecedented opportunities for scholarly research. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the current state of digitized Chinese Buddhist texts, surveying over 100 digital resources and providing practical insights for their effective application. The discussion is structured into four key categories: The first category, Catalogs of Ancient Texts, highlights foundational bibliographic resources from China and Japan, including essential catalogs and their digital counterparts.

The second category, Image Resources, examines manuscripts and printed editions. The manuscript section catalogs digitized images and listings of Dunhuang scrolls, Turfan documents, and ancient Japanese sutra manuscripts. The printed edition section features more than ten major Buddhist canons, such as the Jin Canon and the First Edition of the Goryeo Canon, detailing their digital images and the distribution of collections worldwide. It also addresses relevant bibliographies, electronic tools, and the progress in digitizing stone inscriptions and rubbings.

The third category, Text Resources, reviews the content and application guidelines of over ten databases, including CBETA and SAT, while also incorporating multilingual databases pertinent to Buddhist studies.

The fourth category, Tools and Methods, introduces resources such as dictionaries, catalogs, multilingual text comparison tools, textual similarity analysis, and digital sutra compilation. It further explores key methodologies for digital Buddhist studies, including quantitative word analysis, visualization techniques, and large-scale text compilation. The paper concludes by proposing a systematic, step-by-step framework for engaging with digital resources, inspired by traditional philological practices. This framework encompasses developing a comprehensive understanding of available resources, applying them effectively, integrating multiple digital tools, constructing customized databases, and conducting large-scale research. By following these steps, researchers can maximize the potential of digitized resources, advancing both their academic impact and accessibility.