量刑偏差產生的社會、文化及法律溯因與改進路徑

Solicitation Behavior and Corruption Crimes:

法律面前人人平等是現代司法的基本原則，這一原則在刑法中具體體現為量刑的均衡。同案同判是法律獲得安定性，民眾感受司法公平的基本要求。司法實踐中，由於法律規範本身的抽象性，法條語言文字的模糊性，法官個人經歷差異、各種利益考量以及在中國的法律文化中，等級關係和社會態度等傳統影響等，導致產生量刑偏差。量刑偏差對法律的確定性、公正性和社會正義觀構成了極大的挑戰，因此需要透過推動量刑規範化、約束法官自由裁量權、完善司法解釋和案例指導工作，增強法官的同質化水準等措施，降低社會、文化等法外因素對裁判的影響，提高量刑的均衡水準。

Equality before the law is a fundamental principle of modern justice, crucial for ensuring balanced sentencing in criminal law. Treating like cases alike is essential for maintaining legal stability and fostering public confidence in judicial fairness. However, in judicial practice, the abstract nature of legal norms, the vagueness of statutory language, and differences in judges’personal experiences, along with various interest considerations, can lead to sentencing deviation. Additionally, in Chinese legal culture, traditional influences such as hierarchical relationships, social attitudes, and other factors further contribute to such deviation. Sentencing deviation significantly challenges legal certainty, fairness, and social justice. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the impact of social, cultural, and other extralegal factors on judicial decisions and improve sentencing balance. This can be achieved through measures such as promoting the standardisation of sentencing, restraining the discretionary power of judges, improving judicial interpretation and case guidance, and enhancing homogeneity among judges.