COVID-19疫情對個人、家庭與社區長照據點的影響與因應

Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Individuals, Families, and Community-Based Long-Term Care Centers and Corresponding Measures

臺灣居家服務提供人員包括居服員與居服督導，但居服員有職能基準規定，居服督導則欠缺。本研究編制居服督導職能行為指標適合度問卷，將2022年全台灣辦理居家服務單位作為母群體，運用分層比例抽樣方法，了解居服主管對居服督導職能各項行為指標的重視程度。

結果顯示這些指標具有很大程度的內部一致性（Cronbach’s alpha = .967）。 修訂後的居服督導職能基準分為四類，包括12項主要職能和57項行為指標。 研究結果表明，居服督導的角色更多的是管理性而非行政性；此外，督導任務的規劃缺乏全面品質管理方法。建議包括實施居服督導職能標準、明確其職責／責任以及製定相關培訓計劃。

 

This study examined the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals and families by using stratified random sampling to perform a telephone survey with Nantou County residents over 20 years of age. The results revealed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic across multiple dimensions, including leisure and social activities, economic incomes, psychological adaptation, convenience in routine activities, interpersonal interactions, and caregiving burden. To explore how long-term care centers and service users were affected by service suspension following the issuance of the nationwide Level 3 epidemic alert in 2021, in-depth interviews were arranged with institutional workers in Nantou County and Taichung City. The service suspension adversely affected the physiology, psychology, and social participation of service users, as well as increased the caregiving burden on families. These long-term care centers also encountered challenges when attempting to resume their operations. Finally, we propose specific recommendations for subsequent pandemic prevention policies and relief measures.