In modern manufacturing, due to the narrow format, short size, and complex surface structure of small-sized workpieces, automatic detection of surface defects, dimensions, etc. on small-sized workpieces faces difficulties, making it difficult to meet the requirements of fully automated production lines. Especially, there is no good solution to the problem of high-precision automatic measurement of geometric features of circles and arcs on small-sized workpieces. This article takes the engine end cover circular hole thermal component as the research object, builds a hardware platform for image acquisition of small-sized workpieces based on machine vision, proposes an online size measurement method for small-sized circular holes, and realizes the measurement of the position size and aperture size of small-sized product shell workpieces. In order to achieve the above methods, this article builds a visual detection hardware system and describes a detailed machine vision hardware selection scheme. Then, the images collected by the system are preprocessed, including image denoising, image correction, and image feature extraction. Then, for the processed images, an improved Hough transform fitting method is used to obtain the online size of features. In order to visualize the results, the detection system and software are designed according to the actual application scenario. The overall scheme of this article is efficient and reasonable, and the detection result error is within a reasonable range.
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