國民法官、被害人與量刑──意見陳述案例研習與檢討

National Judges, Victims and Sentencing － Opinion Statement Case Study and Review

今年，「國民法官」正式進入法庭參與審判，完成法治國家司法民主、國民主權的最後一哩路。另釋字第805號解釋：犯罪被害人到庭陳述意見之權利，乃被害人程序參與權所保障之基本內涵，為法院應遵循之正當法律程序之一環，自應受憲法之保障。本文對照日本相關法制規範、實務運作，探討國民法官參審過程被害人「訴訟參與」的程序節奏、內涵安排及其法律效果，並從立法論、解釋論觀點提出看法、建議。

This year, “national judges” officially entered the court to participate in trials, completing the last mile of judicial democracy and national sovereignty in a country governed by the rule of law. The right of crime victims to present their opinions in court is the basic connotation guaranteed by the victim’s right to participate in the process. It is a part of the due legal process that the court should follow, and should be protected by the Constitution. This article compares Japan’s relevant legal norms to explore the procedural rhythm, connotation and legal effects of victims’ “litigation participation” in the process of national judges’ participation in the trial, and puts forward opinions and suggestions from the perspectives of legislation and interpretation.