共同富裕的憲法學思考

Constitutional Thinking on Common Prosperity

研究共同富裕應具憲法視野。從憲法發展的歷史階段來看，共同富裕理念的“共同”和“富裕”的邏輯關係呈現出動態變化的特點，從“共同”優先兼顧“富裕”到“富裕”優先兼顧“共同”再到兼顧“共同”與“富裕”，其變化的實質是國家堅持社會主義原則，維護社會公平正義的體現。共同富裕在憲法上有明確的憲法原則、國家目標、經濟制度、基本權利、職權職責等規範依據，幷在此基礎上形成共同富裕憲法規範體系。共同富裕有明確的憲法內涵，其價值理念對應“以人民爲中心”；其核心功能在于平等分配，而非平均分配；其內在限度追求適度合理，避免違背經濟社會發展規律。爲促進共同富裕戰略更好實施，依據憲法的規範與理論，通過全面實施憲法，堅持憲法規定的經濟制度，保障公民基本權利，利用憲法解釋明確多種分配方式規範含義，加强立法修法，完善促進共同富裕的法律體系等方式，可以爲實現共同富裕提供充分的憲法保障。

The study of common prosperity should have a constitutional perspective. From the perspective of the historical stage of the development of the Constitution, the logical relationship between "common" and "affluence" of the concept of common prosperity shows the characteristics of dynamic changes, from "common" giving priority to "prosperity" to "prosperity" giving priority to "common" and then to taking into account "common" and "prosperity", and the essence of the change is the embodiment of the state’s adherence to socialist principles and safeguarding social fairness and justice. Common prosperity has a clear normative basis for constitutional principles, national goals, economic systems, basic rights authority and responsibilities and other normative basis in the constitution. Common prosperity has a clear constitutional connotation, and its value concept corresponds to "people-centered"; Its core function is equal distribution, not equal distribution; Its internal limits pursue moderation and rationality, and avoid violating the laws of economic and social development. In order to promote the better implementation of the common prosperity strategy, in accordance with the norms and theories of the Constitution, through the comprehensive implementation of the Constitution, adhere to the economic system stipulated in the Constitution, protect the basic rights of citizens, use the interpretation of the Constitution to clarify the normative meaning of various distribution methods, and through legislative amendments to the law, improve the legal system for promoting common prosperity, etc., we can provide sufficient constitutional guarantees for the realization of common prosperity.