電信網絡詐騙治理中的個人信息刑法保護

The Criminal Law Protection of Personal Information in Governance of Cyber Fraud

個人信息在電信網絡詐騙犯罪生成中具有决定性作用。個人信息泄露是“百罪之源”，電信網絡詐騙犯罪的源頭治理需要加强個人信息的刑法保護。電信網絡詐騙犯罪中存在明顯的信息鏈，個人信息在電信網絡詐騙犯罪中的流轉是在該犯罪的信息鏈中完成的，個人信息的泄露包括“爬取型”、“竊取型”和“交易型”。與之相對應，針對“爬取型”信息泄露需要釐清處理已公開個人信息的刑事邊界，明確已公開個人信息的處理規則。針對“竊取型”信息泄露應强化非法獲取個人信息行爲的刑事打擊，提高犯罪風險，降低犯罪收益。針對“交易型”信息泄露應適用共同對向犯規則，嚴密刑事法網。

Personal information plays a decisive role in the generation of telecom network fraud. As personal information leakage is the “source of all the crimes”, it needs to strengthen the criminal law protection of personal information in the source of telecom network fraud crime governance. There is an obvious information chain in telecom network fraud crime, and the circulation of personal information in telecom network fraud crime is completed in the information chain of this crime. The disclosure of personal information includes three types: “crawling”, “stealing” and “trading”. Correspondingly, in view of the situation of “crawling type” information leakage, it is necessary to clarify the criminal boundary of processing the publicly disclosed personal information, and to clarify the processing rules of the publicly disclosed personal information. In view of the situation of “stealing type” information leakage, we should strengthen the criminal crackdown of illegal access to personal information, improve the criminal risk of crime and reduce the criminal income. In view of the situation of “trading type” information leakage, the rules of correspondence offenders should be applied, and the criminal law net should be further tightened.