The EU’s Emerging Regime on Extraterritorial Subsidies: Extending the Scope of EU State Aid Law   全文下載

歐盟新興域外補貼制度：歐盟國家補助法範圍之擴大

世界貿易組織之法規範與其成員國關於補貼的貿易政策受戰後西方社會所型塑，如今已愈發過時且不完足。該等制度極度以產品為中心，往往忽視服務補貼；且僅處理國內補貼而無視域外補貼，並建立在一個基於經營者自治以及公、私部門壁壘分明的社會範式上。本文介紹歐盟透過引入域外補貼制度以回應上述挑戰。首先，點出以WTO法律和歐盟貿易政策為特徵的制度錯誤；再者，指出歐盟其實只是將其現存的國家補助法擴展到域外補貼；三，介紹新興歐盟域外補貼制度的關鍵特徵；最後，將對歐盟此新興舉措展開一般性評估。

WTO law and WTO members’ commercial policy on subsidies were shaped by the western societal paradigm of the post-war period and have grown increasingly outdated and deficient. They are heavily product-centered and tend to be oblivious of service subsidies, they address domestic subsidies and disregard extraterritorial subsidies, and rest on a societal paradigm based on the autonomy of economic operators and a clear separation between the private and the public sector. This paper presents the EU’s endeavor to react to the foregoing challenges by introducing a regime on extraterritorial subsidies. First, it presents the system error featuring WTO law and EU commercial policy. Second, it demonstrates that, in fact, the EU simply extends its already existing state aid law to extraterritorial subsidies. Third, it presents the key features of the emerging EU regime on extraterritorial subsidies. Fourth, it provides a general assessment of the EU approach.