「支那認識」與臺灣日本語系文學：以呂赫若《清秋》為例

“SHINA knowledge” and Taiwan Japanophone Literature: A Case Study in Wartime

從日治時期文學探討華語語系與日語語系在臺灣發生的複雜關係，有助於我們解決華語語系討論中的二元對立框架：在地化或重視中國根源。過去史書美與王德威對於華語語系／華夷風（Sinophone／Xenophone）的爭論，聚焦於如何擺置實體中國、與台灣文學之兩者關係，但本文則將近代日本帝國放入互動的角色，複雜化此一歷史情境。有鑑於近代日本知識分子生產出一套強調對象化、科學化中國的再現論述，本文嘗試以「支那認識」的概念，重新省視此一情境下臺灣漢人作家的日本語文學運動。 面對中日戰爭情境，臺灣漢人日語作家視此為突顯臺灣之漢文化特色的機會。在呂赫若（1914-1950）此一個案中，對中國古典傳統的重新認識成為其重要的寫作資源，甚至具有使命感，然而其認識顯然也獲益於來自日本的「支那認識」。呂赫若於《清秋》（1943）完成諸多描繪臺灣漢人家族的文學成果，也因而不能被簡單地理解為在地文化的發揚或是漢文化的保存，而應同時重視「支那認識」等知識中介於其間發揮的作用。

 

Exploring the complex relationship between the Sinophone and the Japanophone in Taiwan is helpful in exploring the dichotomous framework used in the discussion of Sinophone Studies : localization or Sinocentrism. In the past, Shih Shu-mei and Wang Der-wei’s discussion on the Sinophone/Xenophone studies focused on the relationship between China and Taiwan literature, yet this article sees Empire of Japan as an interactive role to further complicate this historical context. Considering the fact that modern Japanese intellectuals produced a set of discourses that emphasized objectification and scientific representation of China, this article attempts to examine the Japanophone literature movement of Taiwanese Han writers in this context using the concept of “SHINA knowledge”（支那認識）. For example, the re-understanding of Chinese classical traditions was an important writing resource for Lu He-Ruo. In his work Ching Chiou (1943), Lu He-Ruo depicted many Han families in Taiwan. His understanding however was influenced by “SHINA knowledge”. Therefore this article argues that these literary depictions cannot be simply understood as the promotion of local culture or the preservation of Han culture, but they key to unveil the role that “SHINA knowledge” played in Taiwan literature.