著作權合同中作品未知利用條款的效力研究

On the Validity of the Clause of Unknown Utilization of Works in Copyright Contract

新技術的發展往往帶來著作權合同當事人在合同訂立時無法預見的作品利用方式，著作權合同中作品未知利用條款的效力以及該利用方式所帶來的利益分配引發爭議。對作品未知利用條款的效力認定主要有當事人意定自由模式、無效模式和附條件認可模式三種。當事人意定自由模式容易造成當事人利益失衡，作者的利益受到侵蝕；無效模式則導致市場交易的低效率，增加當事人重新談判的成本，不利於作品的發行與傳播；附條件認可模式兼顧利益平衡與合同的可預見性，符合中國大陸當前版權產業市場的實際需求。中國大陸在《著作權法實施條例》修訂時可明確對《著作權法》第29條作有利於作者的嚴格解釋，在對價相當性條件下認可一攬子協議的效力，並在《著作權法》上規定配套制度保障作者的合法權益。

The development of new technology often brings new ways of using works that can not be foreseen by the parties to the copyright contract when the contract is concluded. The validity of the unknown utilization clauses in the copyright contract and the distribution of benefits brought by the utilization have aroused disputes. There are three main modes to determine the validity of the unknown utilization clause of works. The free mode of parties’ decision is easy to cause the interests of the parties to be unbalanced and the interests of the author to be eroded; The invalid mode leads to the inefficiency of market transactions, increases the cost of renegotiation between the parties, and is not conducive to the distribution and dissemination of works; The conditional recognition model is conducive to taking into account the balance of interests and the predictability of the contract, which is in line with the actual needs of China‘s current copyright industry market. When revising the Regulations for the implementation of the copyright law, China can clearly interpret Article 29 of the “Copyright Law” in a strict manner that is beneficial to the author, recognize the effectiveness of the package agreement under the condition of equivalence of consideration, and stipulate supporting systems in the copyright law to protect the legitimate interests of the author.