保護規範理論於認定行政訴訟訴訟權能之再思考

Reconsideration of the Theory of Protection Norms in the Standing (Locus Standi) of Administrative Litigation Competence

行政訴訟訴訟權能之有無，向來均以保護規範理論作為判斷之依據。而對於保護規範理論之運用，行政法院裁判實務向來多係依循釋字第469號解釋所揭示之「法律之整體結構、規範對象、所欲產生之規範效果及社會發展因素」，以探求系爭之一般行政法法規範是否亦屬保護規範，以及其保護範圍。除前述該等因素外，本文認為亦應進一步探究憲法基本權利規定對於保護規範及其保護範圍之解釋與具體適用，將會產生何等影響。再者，個案中之具體情形，是否亦可作為解釋與具體適用系爭一般行政法法規範之因素而應加以審酌，亦係本文所將處理之另一問題。

The existence of administrative litigation power has always been based on the theory of protection norms as the basis for judgment. As for the application of the protection norm theory, to explore whether the disputed general administrative law norm is also a protection norm, and its scope of protection, the administrative court’s adjudication practice has always been based on “the overall structure of the law, the applicable party, the intended regulatory effects and factors of social developments” expressed in the J. Y. Interpretation No. 469.
In addition to the aforementioned factors, this paper believes that it is necessary to further explore how the fundamental rights provisions of the Constitution will affect the interpretations and specific application of protection norms and their scope of protection. Furthermore, whether the specific circumstances of a case can also be used as a factor in the interpretation and application of the disputed general administrative legislation should be considered, which is another issue to be dealt with in this essay.