大學女子足球選手年度訓練計畫的運動傷害自我報告調查

Self-Reported Injuries in University Elite Female Soccer Players in An Annual Sports Training Period

目的：國外文獻指出足球是運動傷害發生率相當高的項目，但目前無臺灣女子足球傷害之研究可供參考，因此調查探討女子足球選手年度的運動傷害情形。方法：本研究以國立臺灣師範大學20位女子足球選手為受試者，以運動傷害問卷進行一個年度的傷害調查。結果：一、傷害人次：全年度運動傷害總人次高達1,113次（68次／人／1,000小時）；全年度每1,000小時傷害，比賽期發生90.9％顯著高於訓練期9.1％。二、傷害類型：扭傷／韌帶損傷（52％）大於其他類型。三、傷害部位：膝關節（37％）占最多。四、比賽位置傷害發生率：前鋒（36％）、後衛（32％）、守門員（27％）與中場（5％）。結論：女子足球選手的運動傷害發生率明顯高於國外，可能會導致缺席訓練及比賽次數，而影響球隊對外比賽戰力、陣容安排及競賽成績表現。

Purpose: Previous studies found that soccer players often incur sports injuries. However, there are currently no sport injury-related study of Taiwan female soccer players. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to conduct a survey on sports injuries for a complete annual training plan for female soccer players. Methods: We recruited a total of 20 elite players from the women’s soccer team of National Taiwan Normal University as participants. We collected data on these players during a complete annual training plan. Results: (1) Injuries: The total number of injuries in the team’s annual sports training plan was as high as 1,113 (68 times/person/1,000 hours). The injuries 90.9% that occurred during every 1,000 hours of competition throughout the year was significantly higher than the injuries 9.1% reported during training. (2) Injury types: Sprain/ligament injuries (52%) were more common than other types. (3) Injury sites: knee joints (37%) accounted for the most. (4) Incidence of injuries in soccer match positions: forward (36%); defender (32%); goalkeeper (27%); midfielder (5%). Conclusions: These results show that the incidence of sports injuries among university elite female soccer players seems to be higher than that shown in the results of previous studies. This may lead to an increase in the number of players absent from matches and daily training, resulting in a negative impact on the team’s external competition strength, lineup arrangement and scheduling, and even performance in competitions.