日本都市法學之形成與發展

The Formation and Development of Japan’s “Urban Law” Theory

日本都市法學之研究，自1980年代起使用「都市法」之用語後，彰顯其研究之重要性，亦伴隨著日本經濟高度成長期以降之現代「都市問題」而推展，此過程尤與日本都市土地利用之擴大與持續地價上昇所伴隨之尖銳土地問題而來。隨著經濟成長之發展，人口大量集中，經濟、交通、住宅、土地利用及環境破壞等都市化問題被凸顯，從來單就土地之所有與利用之觀點出發所為之思考視角，是否仍足以解決在社會型態轉變、人口聚集、產業經濟活動改變下，土地上都市化發展所產生之問題，則不免產生疑義。本文擬藉由觀察分析日本都市法學之形成與發展，嘗試探索其於城鄉快速發展下解決都市問題思考之視角與相關理論體系之建構。

The study of Japan’s “Urban Law” theory, which used the term “Urban Law” since the 1980s, highlights the importance of its research and is also accompanied by the development of the Japanese economy’s highly developed and modern “urban issues”. This is due to the sharp land problem that accompanies the expansion of urban land use in Japan and rising land prices. With the development of economic growth, a large number of people are concentrated, urbanization issues such as traffic, housing, land use, environmental damage, urban-rural development imbalances, etc. are highlighted. Whether the perspective of land ownership and utilization alone has been considered is still sufficient. Solving the land problems caused by the rapid urbanization development under the changes in social patterns, population aggregation, and changes in industrial economic activities will inevitably lead to doubts. This article intends to observe and analyze the formation and development of Japan’s “Urban Law” theory, and try to explore its perspective on solving land issues under the rapid development of urban and rural areas and the construction of relevant theoretical systems.