症狀與病位判別在中醫失智症治療的運用

Application of Distinguishing Symptoms and Problem Locations in Treatment of Dementia in Traditional Chinese Medicine

失智症起因於大腦的退化與功能缺損，不同部位的大腦失能會表現出大相逕庭的臨床表現。舉例而言，枕葉退化以視覺錯認和視幻覺為主，而額葉退化的核心症狀則是人格改變及思考規畫困難。如何在中醫臨床診療時，透過問診評估了解個案可能的退化部位，是失智症中醫臨床非常重要的議題。中醫師在確定個案的主要症狀與相應的病位後，可以選擇相應的穴位給予針灸、電針、按摩等刺激。本文將介紹大腦最主要的解剖結構－腦葉的退化症狀，並給予臨床治療建議，以供臨床中醫師參考。

The cause of dementia is brain degeneration and functional impairment. Different parts of the brain have various symptoms. Cases of dementia of the same severity will also have multiple clinical manifestations. For example, the signs of occipital degeneration are mainly visual misidentification and visual hallucinations, while the core symptoms of frontal degeneration are personality changes and difficulty in thinking and planning. Traditional Chinese medicine practitioners can assess possible degenerative parts through consultation during clinical diagnosis and treatment. After determining the case's leading symptoms and the corresponding disease location, the Chinese physician can choose the corresponding acupuncture points to give acupuncture, electric acupuncture, massage, and other stimuli. This paper will introduce the most important anatomical structure of the brain-the degenerative symptoms of the brain lobe and give clinical treatment recommendations.