性別、年齡、障礙、職位層級與僱用決定：雇主與職業重建人員觀點比較

A Comparison of Employers' and Vocational Rehabilitation Specialists' Preference Orders in Hiring Applicants with Disabilities

本研究旨在探討求職者性別、年齡與障礙對雇主與職重員僱用推薦的影響，並比較不同僱用職位層級下的差異。以南部兩個職訓局區域就服中心與轄下就服站159 位求才雇主，及南部職業重建相關人員109 位為調查對象，在虛擬之基層與中階員工僱用情境下，要求研究對象在聯合分析法所發展出的16 位「求職者履歷資料表」，依推薦意願高低填寫分數。主要研究發現為：1. 雇主與職重員對於求職者性別、年齡、教育程度、工作經驗與前任雇主評價等之水準的偏好順序相當一致，僅在障礙情形有差異；2. 求職者之年齡與障礙情形對僱用決定的影響程度較高，性別較小，且影響程度會因僱用職位層級或身份而有不同。

This study investigated the effects of applicants' gender, age and disability on employers' and vocational rehabilitation specialists' hiring decisions for two positions. The participants were 159 employers from two major national employment service centers and 109 vocational rehabilitation specialists from several vocational rehabilitation centers in southern Taiwan. Participants were asked to give a score for each of 16 applicants based on the applicants' resumes and the participants' hiring preferences for two hypothetical positions. An instrument was developed based on the resumes using conjoint analysis, and the results showed that: 1. With regard to hiring preference, the employers and vocational rehabilitation specialists ranked gender, age, education, work history and prior job performance in the same order, but the differed as to the ranking order of disability levels; 2. Age and disability were found to be more important than gender in participants' ranking orders; 3. The relative importance of gender, age, and disability were found to be different for two different positions and different groups of participants.