親子玩具活動對腦性麻痺幼兒動作發展的影響

Effects of Parent-Child Toy-Playing Activities on the Motor Development of Children with Cerebral Palsy

腦性麻痺幼兒通常伴隨有動作發展障礙，如何有效促進腦性麻痺幼兒的動作發展是非常重要的課題。為瞭解親子玩具活動是否能有效促進1-3 歲腦性麻痺幼兒動作發展，本研究採準實驗研究法，在實驗階段，對24 位腦性麻痺幼兒進行實驗前後的「皮巴迪動作發展量表第二版」（簡稱PDMS-2）評量，而其中12 位實驗組個案家長會填寫研究者自編之「一至三歲腦性麻痺幼兒玩具檢核表」，透過檢核家中幼兒的發展問題，找出可協助其動作發展的玩具類型。在實驗介入前，實驗組家長皆先接受玩具操作和擺位訓練，訓練完成後由家長執行十週的親子玩具活動。研究結果發現實驗組在十週研究介入後，在PDMS-2 前後測分數中平衡、移位、物體操作、手部抓握和視動整合等五項分數皆達顯著差異，這顯示結合玩具選用之親子玩具活動確實可以促進腦性麻痺幼兒粗動作和精細動作的發展。

Children with cerebral palsy often have disabilities with regard to motor development. In order to facilitate the motor development of these children, this study constructed parent-child toy-playing activities for parents of children with cerebral palsy. A quasi-experimental design was used in this study. Twenty-four children with cerebral palsy participated in the study. The Peabody Developmental Motor Scale— Second Edition (PDMS-2) was used to evaluate the results of a pretest and posttest in order to measure the motor development of these 24 children. Between the pre- and post-tests, the 12 children in the experimental group received a ten-week intervention. The parents of these 12 children found toys with what they thought were appropriate characteristics through a toy checklist, and engaged in parent-child toy-playing activities for ten weeks. A questionnaire for constructing this toy checklist was constructed on the basis of developmental problems in child development and therapeutic techniques. After the ten-week intervention, there was found to be a significant difference between the PDMS-2 pre-test and post-test scores. The results thus showed that ten weeks of parent-child toy-playing activities can promote the gross motor and fine motor development of children with cerebral palsy.