地方公所推動社區自主防災之角色與限制：知識中介理論觀點

The Roles of District and Township Offices for Developing DisasterResilient Communities in Taiwan: A Perspective of Knowledge Brokering Theory

本研究以地方公所為研究對象，從知識中介的理論觀點，探討地方公所在推動社區自主防災的工作上，扮演著何種角色？又如何與鄰里社區互動？以及在推動的過程中面臨了哪些限制與挑戰。藉由文獻的爬梳，以及訪談資料的分析，展開理論與實務的對話，研究發現地方公所角色任務除了部分回應理論面之「災害防救知識傳播者」、「災害防救知識連結者」、「災害防救能力培育者」，以及「民眾災害防救知識需求回應者」等類型，亦同時扮演「災害防救政策執行知識連結者」；其面臨的挑戰與限制，主要來自於地方公所本身有限的災害防救能量，以及公所人員接觸民眾時遇到的各種在地性差異；而地方公所首長本身對於災害防救業務與自主防災社區計畫的支持程度，具有關鍵的影響。本研究有助於累積知識中介理論應用的實證文獻，並就地方公所在回應地方需求、促進多元行動者協力、以及鼓勵社區參與災害防救公共事務的角色期待上，提出進一步的討論，同時也針對地方公所協助鄰里社區推動自主防災工作提出政策建議。

This paper aims to explore the roles and limitations of district and township offices in Taiwan in developing disaster resilient communities from a perspective of knowledge broker theory. Four types of knowledge brokering roles are proposed and discussed in this paper, including ''disseminating'', ''linking'', ''cultivating'', and ''responding to needs from communities.'' After collecting and analyzing qualitative data from interviews, the findings show that district and township offices not only take on the above-mentioned four types of knowledge brokering roles moderately, but also work as a bridge to link central or local governments with communities with respect to policy implementation-related knowledge. The limitations which district and township offices confront are associated with their organizational capacities in emergency management and the diverse natures of local communities. Support from township mayors or district executives could be a key to influence how district and township offices conduct their knowledge-brokering activities in developing disaster-resilient communities. In general, this paper serves to accumulate empirical studies in the areas of local governance, emergency management, disaster-resilient community, and knowledge brokering.