城市治理典範移轉與環境治理的趨勢──雅典憲章的啟示

The Paradigm Shift of Urban Governance and the Trend of Environmental Governance: The Lesson of The Athens Charter

從新公共管理盛行以來，地方環境管理也因此受到績效的牽制，追求經濟上的效率數字，可否作為地方環境績效優良的證明？然而，環境管理也因此被限縮在短期經濟利益與追求公民選票的一種工具導向的概念，而難以脫離數字管理的魔咒，陷入了短多長空夢魘之中，使得環境永續經營與發展形同虛文。本研究擬透過環境治理定向績效，不同思維對於永續發展所建構多元想像，並結合城市治理典範移轉的概念，探討環境治理與永續發展的可能路徑。本文並參考《雅典憲章》自1933年發展至今，幾經修正之過程，分析其憲章內容增補之精神內涵，試圖從其發展歷程之啟示，歸納出在城市治理隱示之典範移轉與環境治理的趨勢。

Since new public management prevails, local environmental management has been pinned down by its performance as well. But pursuing the economical efficiency numerically as the identification of an efficient government presents a doubt. However, the environmental management is constrained by the tool-oriented concept that seeks for short-term economical profits and citizen's ballots, and it seems never to break the spell of statistic management. Thus, it results in only making environmental sustainable management a dream. The research intends to probe the possible routes of the environmental governance and sustainable development by the directional performance of environmental governance, the multi-imagines of sustainable development constructed by diverse thoughts, and the paradigm shift in urban governance will be further combined. The research also refers to Athens Charter, revised several times since 1933, and tries to analyze its spirits of revision. Then, from the development of Athens Charter, we will be able to summarize the trend of implicit paradigm shift of urban governance and environmental management.