牽連的主體：試析《單車失竊記》中的微關係想像與感性體制

The Implicated Subject: An Analysis of Micro-relations and the Regime of the Sensible in The Stolen Bicycle

我們如何從「微關係」的角度來思考當前政治與文化場域中的倫理問題？本篇論文將藉由美學政治的角度來討論這個議題。在這個思考框架下，本篇論文分成三個部分。第一個部分討論洪席耶的美學政治論述，在這個部分我試圖指出，洪席耶對當代政治與美學場域上的倫理轉向的批判，批判的背後可以說是一種建立在微關係上的美學政治思維。第二部分討論羅斯伯格的文化政治思考，他所提出的「牽連的主體」這個概念，也是一種主體可以被裂解成複數主體的微關係政治連結觀點。論文的第三部份則嘗試將上述的理論觀念連結到美學創作場域，以台灣作家吳明益的《單車失竊記》為例，將這部作品當作一種思考的行動，討論小說中所進行的歷史與當代時空的連結所嘗試促成的微關係想像，這些由人與非人主體所牽連出的微關係之下所牽涉的感性體制，以及這些微關係背後所涉及的政治與倫理問題。

How are we to respond to the ethical predicament in the present-day political and cultural fields through the concept of ''micro-relations''? This paper aims to address this issue from the perspective of politics of aesthetics. Put under this framework, this paper consists of three parts. The first part discusses Jacques Ranciere's propositions on the politics of aesthetics and brings forth the argument that his critique of the ethical turn in contemporary art and politics helps us to see how such critique is founded upon micro-relations. In the second part, I try to show how Michael Rothberg's theory of implication provides the possibility of reconfiguring subjectivity and political solidarity based on micro-relations. In the last part of the paper, by taking The Stolen Bicycle by Taiwanese writer Wu Ming-yi as a theoretical act and examining the novel through the lens of the theoretical framework inspired by Ranciere and Rothberg, I argue that the micro-relations envisioned in the novel enact very intricate connections between the past and the present and how the micro-relations, forged through all the subjects - human and non-human - implicated in such relations, push us to rethink the ethical and political problems underlying the regimes of the sensible.