論大理院判決中「公序良俗」概念之運用

The Application of the Concept of‘Public Order and Good Morals’in the Judgments of the the Supreme Court in the Early of the Republic of China (1911-1928)

本文以民國初年（1911-1928）大理院如何運用公序良俗之概念作為討論對象，雖然大理院當時並沒有正式民法法典規定其愿該運用公序良俗條款來處理相關問題，但大理院在此仍是接受此概念，並透過其判決予以形塑。本文首先將對於相關案件進行整理分析，來討論大理院如何具體運用「公共秩序」與「善良風俗」道些概念，而在瞭解大理院如何運月公序良俗之概念後，本文將試著以德國法之觀點作為比較之參照點，就相關問題進行討論分析，試著展現大理院相關判決及論述的歷史意義，並予以評價，最後則是本文結論，大理院就「公序良俗」概念的運用，雖然論證上可能過於簡短乃至於不夠精確，但還是可以評價為，其仍是可以正確的落於現代法釋義學的框架之中，而且在之後的最高法院論述中，還看的到其影子並仍在發揮影響，以法律制度的引進與繼受來看，大理院的判決確確實實的將當時西方的法律制度與觀念帶入其判決之中，並加以積極的運用，這其實延續了清國末期以來的變法修律過程的成果，並且銜接到之後國民政府的新法頒布，尤其是民法典的訂立施行，可謂做了承先啟後之工作，不過就現實面來看，大理院的工作其實並沒有徹底改變當時社會的現實狀況及人心觀念，但這並不減損其工作之意義。

This paper examines how the Supreme Court in the Early of the Republic of China (1911-1928) applied the concept of“public order and good morals”. Although there was no formal civil code at the time that stipulated the use of a public order and good morals clause, the Supreme Court in the Early of the Republic of China still accepted this concept and shaped its meaning through its judgments.
The study first organizes and analyzes relevant cases to discuss how the Supreme Court in the Early of the Republic of China specifically applied the concepts of“public order”and“good morals.”After understanding the methodology of the Supreme Court in the Early of the Republic of China, the paper uses German law as a comparative framework to further analyze the issues at hand. his will help to demonstrate and evaluate the historical significance of the judgments and legal reasoning of the Supreme Court in the Early of the Republic of China.
Finally, the paper will conclude that while its use of the concept of“public order and good morals”might have been brief and imprecise in its reasoning, it can still be considered as correctly falling within the framework of modern legal hermeneutics. Furthermore, its influence can still be seen and felt in the later discourse of the Supreme Court.
From the perspective of legal reception, the judgments of the Supreme Court in the Early of the Republic of China truly introduced Western legal systems and concepts into its decisions and actively applied them. This work continued the results of the legal reform process from the late Qing Dynasty and provided a crucial link to the subsequent promulgation of new laws by the National Government, particularly the establishment and implementation of the Civil Code. However, from a practical standpoint, its work did not completely change the social reality or the mindset of the people at the time, but this does not diminish the significance of its efforts.