陸隴其《四書講義困勉錄》考釋

An Examination of Lu Longqi’s Sishu jiangyi kunmian lu

四庫館臣對陸隴其的《四書講義困勉錄》撰有內容不同的數則提要。書前提要從充實朱子四書學的角度推許《四書講義困勉錄》的嚴選之功，《四庫全書總目》從廓清異學的角度稱揚此書的價值。不過，館臣的評述事實上與《四書講義困勉錄》並不相符，對於此書的始末源流也沒有交代清楚。經本文考察，此書實係陸隴其三十歲期間編纂的《四書講義》。此書以張振淵的《四書說統》為底本，陸隴其「嚴其去取」，並增益其他家的四書註解，再參以陸氏的折衷意見。書中稱引的人名、書名共超過三百家說法，具有豐富的史料彙編價值。此書不少地方記載了陸氏的修訂記錄。透過這些記錄，可以說明陸氏四書學的發展過程和中間轉折，對於理解陸氏的學術思想進程有極大裨益。

The Siku quanshu editors wrote several different synopses of Lu Longqi’s Sishu jiangyi kunmian lu. These comments, however, are not actually in line with the published contents, nor do they give a clear account of the origins of the book. As examined in this article, this book is actually the Sishu jiangyi, compiled by Lu Longqi when he was thirty years old. The book is based on Zhang Zhenyuan’s Sishu shuo tong, from which Lu Longqi selected passages and added commentaries on the Four Books from other scholars’commentaries and explanation, then presenting Lu’s own opinions. There are over 300 names of scholars and books cited in the book, making it a rich compilation of historical materials. Many parts of the book contain records of Lu’s revisions. These records illustrate the development of Lu’s study of the Four Books and the complexities of this process, which is of great benefit to the understanding of Lu’s scholarly progress.