島嶼、迷宮與米諾陶洛斯：《藍色小孩》中的神話互文與藝術治療

Islands, Labyrinths, and the Minotaur: Mythical Intertextuality and Art Therapy in L’Enfant Bleu

比利時法語小說家亨利‧伯修（Henry Bauchau）的《藍色小孩》（L’Enfant bleu）講述一位患有自閉症的青年奧利安的故事。這位主角在分析師薇諾妮克的引導下，透過藝術創作逐步重建與自我及外在世界的聯繫。薇諾妮克以繪畫作為溝通橋樑，引領奧利安進入藝術的世界，使其在創作中實現自我療癒與成長；同時，她亦在這段藝術治療的過程中面對自身創傷，實現自我整合與接納。小說以雙重療癒為核心主軸，間接傳達藝術治療在心理重建中的潛能。
本文嘗試以藝術治療的觀點探討這本與神話意象有豐富指涉的小說，以主角與空間的關係為推論的主軸勾勒其追尋自我的歷程。首先，筆者將探討奧利安如何從社會規訓與排斥所構成的正常性空間，進入由藝術開啟的異質性空間，他的繪圖中充滿了島嶼的意象具體化這股遠離社會，進入藝術的企圖。其次，小說中對希臘神話，特別是迷宮與米諾陶洛斯意象的互文性書寫，亦有助於理解伯修的人物潛入無意識世界，試圖尋找生命最初的癥結點。最後本文亦將透過神話結構與主體生成的詮釋，探討奧利安如何在神話意象的投射中轉化創傷、實現自我主體化，揭示《藍色小孩》如何透過藝術與神話交織的敘事，建構一條由療癒邁向創造、由創傷邁向主體的心靈旅程。

Belgian Francophone novelist Henry Bauchau’s L’Enfant bleu tells the story of a young man named Orion, who is on the autism spectrum. Under the guidance of his analyst, Véronique, Orion gradually rebuilds his connection with himself and the external world through artistic creation. Véronique uses painting as a bridge for communication, leading Orion into the world of art and enabling him to achieve self-healing and personal growth through his creative process. At the same time, she confronts her own traumas during this journey of art therapy, ultimately attaining self-integration and acceptance. The novel centers on this dual process of healing, implicitly conveying the transformative potential of art therapy in psychological reconstruction.
This paper aims to explore this mythologically intertextual novel from the perspective of art therapy, using the protagonist’s relationship with space as a key lens to trace his path of self-discovery. First, the study examines how Orion transitions from a normalized space shaped by social discipline and exclusion to a heterotopic space opened through artistic practice. The recurring motif of islands in his drawings embodies his attempt to withdraw from society and enter a space of artistic introspection. Secondly, the novel’s intertextual engagement with Greek mythology—particularly the imagery of the labyrinth and the Minotaur—sheds light on Bauchau’s portrayal of characters delving into the unconscious in search of the origins of their trauma. Finally, through an interpretation based on mythological structures and theories of subject formation, this paper analyzes how Orion projects his trauma onto mythic imagery in order to transform it and achieve subjectivation. It reveals how L’Enfant bleu constructs a psychic journey from trauma toward subjectivity, and from healing toward creation, through the intertwined narratives of myth and art