對日備戰下的電雷學校（1932–1938）

The Submarine Mine College under Preparations for War against Japan (1932–1938)

1932年「一．二八」事變後，蔣介石鑒於江防急需鞏固，命歐陽格籌備並創辦電雷學校。電雷學校專責水雷與魚雷快艇相關業務，為海軍體系中的特殊單位，不受海軍部管轄。該校除作為教育機構外，還肩負作戰任務，在淞滬會戰、南京保衛戰以及掩護國府西遷時發揮輔助作用。但由於軍事任務成效不佳，以及蔣介石重新規劃海軍建制，該校於1938年被裁撤，前後歷時僅六年。
本文考察電雷學校發展的過程，分析其教育和軍事功能，同時深入探究蔣介石設立及廢校的真正原因，從而體現南京國民政府時期對日備戰和海軍發展的特點及諸多問題。

Following the“January 28”Incident of 1932, faced with the urgent need to strengthen Yangtze River defences, Chiang Kai-shek ordered Ouyang Ge to establish the Submarine Mine College. The college specialized in mine and torpedo boat operations, training a unique unit within the naval system which operated independently of the Navy Department. Besides its educational functions, the school also carried out combat missions. During a period of six years, the Submarine Mine College played a supporting role in the Battle of Shanghai, the Defense of Nanjing, and the military mission to escort the regime’s westward relocation. However, due to the inadequate effectiveness of its military operations and Chiang Kai-shek’s reorganization of the navy, the college was dissolved in 1938.
This article examines the overall development of the Submarine Mine College, spotlighting its educational and military functions while also re-examining the actual reasons for Chiang Kai-shek’s establishment and dissolution of the college. This reflects the characteristics and the many challenges of enhancing Japan-preparedness and naval development during the Nationalist Government’s Nanjing period.