高齡退休者獨立生活經驗、挑戰與調適之研究

A Study on the Experiences, Challenges, and Adaptation of Older Retirees Living Independently

隨著全球人口老化的加速，高齡退休者選擇獨立生活的情形日益普遍，使相關議題的探討更顯重要。根據聯合國報告，預計到2050年，全球65歲及以上人口將達16億人，此一人口結構轉變將對社會各層面帶來深遠影響。退休後的生活獨立性樣貌，也成為研究焦點。本研究旨在探討高齡退休者獨立生活的現況、快樂經驗、挑戰與調適策略。本研究採質性方法，立意取樣三位獨立生活的高齡退休者進行訪談。研究結果顯示：（1）受訪者之所以過著獨立生活是基於個人的自主選擇。（2）受訪者獨立生活之快樂經驗建基於生活多面向的滿足。（3）受訪者面對獨立生活之挑戰為健康限制、社交與情感困境、科技適應障礙、孤獨感，以及居住環境受病痛影響。（4）受訪者獨立生活之調適策略為向家人求助、參與活動、自我調適、科技學習與營造友善環境。最後，研究者依據研究結果對政府與相關單位、想過獨立生活之退休高齡者及後續研究者提出建議。

With the acceleration of global population aging, independent living among older retirees has become increasingly common, highlighting the importance of exploring this issue. According to a United Nations report, by 2050 the global population aged 65 and above is projected to reach 1.6 billion. This demographic transformation will have farreaching impacts on various aspects of society. As a result, the independence of retirees’daily lives has become a central focus of research. This study aims to examine the current conditions, positive experiences, challenges, and coping strategies of independent living among older retirees. Using a qualitative research approach, three retirees living independently were selected through purposive sampling and interviewed. The findings revealed: (1) The interviewees’choice to live independently was based on their personal autonomy.(2)Their joyful experiences of independent living stemmed from fulfillment in multiple aspects of life.(3) The challenges they faced in independent living included health limitations, social and emotional difficulties, technological adaptation barriers, feelings of loneliness, and the impact of illness on their living environment.(4) Their coping strategies for independent living involved seeking family support, participating in activities, self-adjustment, learning technology, and creating an age-friendly environment. Finally, based on the findings, recommendations are proposed for government and related agencies, elderly retirees considering independent living, and future researchers.