評估都市固體廢棄物清運效率：來自臺灣的實證證據

Evaluating the Efficiency of Municipal Solid Waste Collection: Evidence from Taiwan

都市地區所產生的大量都市固體廢棄物（MSW），在快速都市化與人口成長的推動下，已形成重大管理挑戰。本研究採用隨機邊界分析模型（Stochastic Frontier Analysis, SFA），評估臺灣地區22個縣市於2010至2022年間的廢棄物清運效率，並特別關注2006年實施的「垃圾強制分類」政策。研究結果顯示，不同地區的清運效率存在明顯差異，其中離島地區因地理位置與資源限制而呈現較低效率。臺北市與新北市在回收效率方面表現突出，主要歸功於「隨袋徵收」政策的成功；然而，一般垃圾與廚餘的清運則成為日益嚴峻的挑戰。本研究結果提供強而有力的實證基礎，以促進強化廢棄物管理系統，以及推動資源永續利用，並為致力於提升循環化發展的地區，提供具體的參考。

The management of substantial quantities of municipal solid waste (MSW) generated in urban areas presents significant challenges, primarily driven by rapid urbanization and population expansion. The Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) model is adapted in this study to assess the collection efficiency of MSW in Taiwan's 22 counties and cities between 2010 and 2022, emphasizing the 2006 implementation of "mandatory waste sorting" policy. Results show noteworthy discrepancies in collection efficiency based on location, as distant island regions demonstrate lower efficiency owing to geographical location and resource limitations. Taipei and New Taipei City recycle very efficiently due to the success of the“pay-as-you-throw”policy, while the collection of general and kitchen wastes has become a challenge. The results provide empirical basis for enhancing waste management systems, fostering sustainable resource utilization, as well as supplying practical references for regions seeking to be more circular in nature.