護理師COVID壓力、自我疼惜、靈性健康與職業倦怠之相關性研究

Exploring the COVID-related stress, self-compassion, spiritual health as predictors of occupational burnout among practicing nurses

背景：護理師身為處理傳染病前線醫護工作者容易產生職業倦怠。在後疫情時代，緩解工作壓力以減少職業倦怠仍是重要的議題。目的：本研究旨在探討COVID相關壓力、自我疼惜、靈性健康對護理師職業倦怠間的預測性。方法：採橫斷面相關性研究設計。研究工具，包括：社會人口學資料、COVID壓力量表、自我疼惜量表、靈性健康量表–簡式版和職業倦怠量表。採用皮爾森積差相關係數和階層回歸以探討職業倦怠的預測因子。結果：共136名護理師參與本研究，職業倦怠得分屬中度程度(M=62.74，SD =12.24)，回歸分析顯示COVID壓力和自我疼惜得分為護理師職業倦怠重要的預測因子，當護理師感受COVID壓力越大，越容易產生職業倦怠(B=0.115,p =.015)，而較高的自我疼惜得分則與較低的職業倦怠有關(B =-.410, p =.000)。結論：護理師的壓力調節與自我疼惜的能力如同有效的認知重整策略，協助情緒調節，可以預防職業倦怠。將護理師的職業倦怠納入常規員工健康評估，並為護理師提供減壓和自我疼惜的在職教育，將有助於緩解職業倦怠。

Background: As the frontline healthcare workers dealing with infectious diseases, nurses are at high risk of burnout. In the post-pandemic era, alleviating work stress to prevent burnout still is important. Purpose: This study was to explore the COVID-related stress, self-compassion, spiritual health as predictors of occupational burnout among nurses. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, correlational study. The research measurements included sociodemographic data, COVID Stress Scale, Self-Compassion Scale, Spiritual Health Scale Short Form, and Occupational Burnout Scale. Pearson correlation coefficients and hierarchical regression were used to identify predictors of occupational burnout. Results: The total valid sample was 36 participants. Occupational burnout level was moderate（M=62.74, SD = 2.24）. The COVID-related stress score was a mean of 35.88（SD =22.22）, indicating a mild level of stress. Self-compassion scores were 82.47（SD =9.9）and spiritual health scores were 93.60（SD = 3. 7）indicating moderate levels. COVID-related stress and self-compassion significantly predicted nurses' burnout. Increased COVID-related stress was associated with higher nurse burnout（B =0. 5, p =.0 5）, while higher self-compassion was linked to lower nurse burnout（B =-.4 0, p =.000）. Conclusions / Implications for Practice: Nurses' abilities in stress regulation and self-compassion can serve as effective cognitive reappraisal strategies to prevent occupational burnout. Integration of nurses' occupational burnout into regular employee health assessments, and provision of stress reduction and self-compassion education for nurses may prevent occupational burnout.