海廢的偵測與溯源——整合海洋廢棄物監測系統提案

Detection and Traceability of Marine Debris–Proposal for an Integrated Marine Debris Observing System

海洋廢棄物對海洋生態環境、海域航行安全及海洋資源開發等造成的風險與衝擊日益嚴重，近年國際組織積極倡議世界各國應啟動新的政策來管理廢棄物，共同解決海洋垃圾所造成的問題。有鑒於海洋廢棄物受降雨、河川逕流、海洋及大氣動力作用影響，而進入海洋系統並進而漂移，使得海洋廢棄物的問題往往不是單一行政區域甚至單一國家能成功治理，因為不論是追蹤與溯源或廢棄物清理的工作，都較陸上的問題更為複雜、困難。 本研究提出一個整合海洋廢棄物監測系統的構想並報導其關鍵技術開發現況，期望透過更快更有效的方式標定海面或海灘上的廢棄物類別、坐標，以及提升海面漂流物在海流及風壓作用下的漂流軌跡追蹤與溯源技術。最終將建置海廢動態地圖，提供國內甚至跨國合作在研擬海廢治理方案時，能在基於對海洋廢棄的空間、時間及類型的掌握下對症下藥。

The risks and impacts of marine debris on the marine ecological, the marine environment, the safety of marine navigation and the marine resource development have become increasingly serious in recent years. In view of the fact that marine debris is affected by rainfall, river runoff, ocean and atmospheric dynamics and enters and drifts through the marine system. As a result, the problem of marine debris often cannot be successfully managed by a single administrative region or even a single country, because the work of tracking and tracing back or cleaning up the waste is more complicated and difficult than the problems on land. In this study, we proposed an integrated marine debris observing system and described the current status of its key technology development. We hope that this system can be used to identify the types and coordinates of marine debris in a faster and more efficient way, and to improve the traceability of marine debris which drift by ocean currents and leeway. Eventually, a dynamic map of marine debris will be built to provide the development of marine debris management plans based on the spatial, temporal, and typological understanding of marine debris.