護理人員人格特質與工作滿意度之相關性－－以職場霸凌氛圍為調節變項

The Relationship between Personality Trait and Job Satisfaction in Nurses: Workplace Bullying Climate as a Moderator

目的：探討護理人員人格特質、職場霸凌氛圍對工作滿意度的影響，及霸凌氛圍在人格特質與工作滿意度間是否具調節效果。方法：針對南部某區域醫院臨床護理人員進行問卷調查，發放300份問卷，回收261份，有效回收率為87%。使用SPSS20.0版進行資料分析，透過階層迴歸分析變項間關係與調節效果。結果：認真負責、外向性人格特質與工作滿意度呈正相關，情緒敏感性人格特質及職場霸凌氛圍與工作滿意度呈負相關。高霸凌氛圍會弱化認真負責特質與工作滿意度間的關係；但對外向性、情緒敏感性人格特質與工作滿意度間無調節效果。結論：護理人員具高認真負責、高外向性與低敏感性的人格特質有較高的工作滿意度。感受到職場霸凌氛圍高時工作滿意度低；在高職場霸凌氛圍下，認真負責特質與工作滿意度間的正向關係會被弱化。建議在招募時關注人格特質，平日對情緒敏感性高的員工提供支援與輔導機制，並留意職場霸凌氛圍對工作滿意度的影響，建立友善職場環境，提高護理人員工作滿意度。

Objectives. To explore the impact of nurses’personality traits and workplace bullying climate on job satisfaction, and whether the bullying climate serves as a moderating effect between personality traits and job satisfaction.
Methods. A questionnaire survey was conducted among clinical nursing staff at a region hospital in southern Taiwan. Out of 300 distributed questionnaires, 261 were retrieved, resulting in an effective recovery rate of 87%. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0, employing hierarchical regression to analyze the relationships between variables and the moderating effects.
Results. Conscientiousness and extraversion personality traits were positively correlated with job satisfaction, while neuroticism personality traits and workplace bullying climate were negatively correlated with job satisfaction. A high bullying climate weakened the relationship between conscientiousness and job satisfaction; however, there was no moderating effect on the relationship between extraversion, neuroticism personality traits, and job satisfaction.
Conclusion. Nurses with high conscientiousness, high extraversion, and low neuroticism personality traits have higher job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is lower when a high level of workplace bullying climate is perceived; in a high bullying climate, the positive relationship between conscientiousness and job satisfaction is weakened. It is recommended to pay attention to personality traits during recruitment, provide support and counseling mechanisms for employees with high neuroticism on a regular basis, and be aware of the impact of workplace bullying climate on job satisfaction to establish a friendly workplace environment and enhance the job satisfaction of nursing staff.