陪伴分隔在圍牆兩端的一家人──服務矯正學校少年的社會工作實務反思

Reflecting on Services for Juveniles in Correctional Schools

近年來，我國政府機關針對非行少年的服務經歷一連串的改革，延續自1997年少年事件處理法（簡稱少事法）修法以來的典範轉移，更重視輔導與再犯預防的機制，此體現於相關制度的一系列調整，包括：108年少事法修法、108年少年輔育院改制矯正學校計畫（簡稱矯正學校改制）、111年逆境少年及家庭支持服務計畫開辦（簡稱逆境計畫）。在上開典範轉移的浪潮中，筆者作為逆境計畫的社會工作者（簡稱逆境社工）參與其中，發現服務推進的過程中遭遇困頓，包含：（1）少年在校違規引起的親子衝突、（2）家長對少年非行行為的高張力反應、（3）少年離校後的再犯行為與親子衝突。為此，筆者做服務歷程的反思並提出未來服務方向的建議，包括：（1）提升甫入校少年的保護因子、（2）將創傷知情照護的服務概念落實於家庭服務中、（3）清楚定義家庭功能內涵與落實成人轉銜的服務概念。

In recent years, government agencies in Taiwan have undergone a paradigm shift toward juvenile delinquents, placing greater emphasis on counseling and recidivism prevention mechanisms. This shift is reflected in a series of adjustments to related systems. Amid this wave of paradigm transformation, the author participated in an intervention program as a social worker for juvenile delinquents and their families, encountering some difficulties in it. These difficulties include: (1) Parent-Child Conflicts arising from Juvenile School Violations (2) Parental High-Stress Reactions to Juvenile Delinquent Behaviors (3) Recidivism and continued parent-child conflict after the juveniles left juvenile correctional schools. Therefore, the author reflected on the service process and proposed future service directions, including: (1) Enhancing protective factors for newly enrolled juveniles (2) Integrating trauma-informed care principles into family services (3) Clearly defining concepts of family functioning and implementing service frameworks for the transition to adulthood.