海洋藥物用於癌症治療之新趨勢

New Trends of Marine Drugs for Cancer Treatment

癌症是全球的主要死因之一，尤其在台灣至2022年連續41年蟬聯十大死因首位，對人類的生命健康構成嚴重威脅。因此，尋找和開發新的癌症治療藥物至關重要。近期海洋生物作為潛在的抗癌藥物來源越來越受到關注，例如海綿、海鞘、軟體動物和藍藻類生物結合體等，它們具有獨特且豐富的化學結構，被發現具有抑制腫瘤細胞生長和誘導細胞凋亡等特性，為癌症治療帶來新的契機。近年來，已經有一些海洋藥物成功核准上市用於癌症治療。本文的目的是回顧2010年至2022年間，已核准上市的海洋抗癌藥物之來源、特徵、作用機轉、臨床適應症及相關臨床試驗，以全面瞭解這一領域的發展趨勢，並促進海洋藥物在癌症治療領域的進一步研究和應用。

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally, especially in Taiwan, where it has ranked as the top cause of death for 41 consecutive years until 2022, posing a serious threat to human life and health. Therefore, it is important to find and develop new drugs for cancer treatment. Recently, marine organisms, such as sponges, tunicates, and mollusks/ cyanobacteria associations, have attracted increasing attention as potential sources of anticancer drugs. These organisms, with their unique and rich chemical structures, have been found to have the properties of inhibiting the growth of tumor cells and inducing apoptosis, which have opened up new opportunities for cancer therapy. In recent years, a number of marine drugs have been successfully approved and marketed for cancer treatment. The purpose of this paper is to review the sources, characteristics, mechanism of action, clinical indications and relevant clinical trials of approved marine anticancer drugs from 2010 to 2022, in order to comprehensively understand the development trend of this field and to promote further research and application of marine drugs in cancer treatment.