人權教育融入高中歷史課程──以日治時期臺灣的防疫政策為例

Integrating Human Rights Education into Senior High School History Curriculum: A Case Study of Epidemic Prevention Policies in Taiwan during the Japanese Colonial Period

教育部發布108課程綱要，要求在各個領域的課程中融入人權議題，培養學生學習相關知識與人權素養。本文以日治時期臺灣的防疫政策為例，探討如何將人權教育有效結合於高中歷史課程之中。並進一步從歷史課程的角度出發，透過比較日治時期與現代防疫政策，引導學生認識並思考人權的核心價值。在日治時期，日本政府透過警察、保甲制度與嚴厲的法律進行殖民統治，並藉由醫療與衛生防疫措施進行嚴密的社會監控。這些措施雖強調疫病的控制，但卻嚴重侵害了臺灣人民的人權與尊嚴。藉由此課題的設計與實踐，不僅能讓學生更深入理解日治時期的臺灣歷史，亦可引導他們連結生活經驗，與當代防疫政策相互進行比較與反思。透過「鑑古知來」的學習歷程，學生將能更有效的理解人權的意涵，並深化其對自由與人權的認識，進而在日常生活中實踐。

In line with Taiwan's 2019 Curriculum Guidelines, which emphasize the integration of human rights across all subject areas, this study explores how human rights education can be effectively embedded within senior high school history curricula. Using Taiwan's epidemic prevention policies during the Japanese colonial period as a case study, the paper examines how historical analysis can help students engage with human rights concepts. The Japanese colonial government implemented strict public healthmonitoring systems alongside police control, social surveillance system, and legal penalties. While aiming to control disease, these measures often violated the human rights and dignity of Taiwanese people. By comparing these historical practices with contemporary public health policies, students are encouraged to reflect on the value of human rights through a critical, contextualized lens. This approach not only deepens their understanding of Taiwan's colonial history but also promotes meaningful connections to present-day experiences. The study demonstrates that this curriculum design fosters students' human rights literacy and develops their capacity for respect, empathy, and civic responsibility in everyday life.