醫療場域的性別與醫療：見習醫學生觀點

Gender and Medicine in the Medical Settings: Perspectives of Clinical Clerks

目的：本研究試圖了解臨床見習期間，見習醫學生所觀察或經歷的性別議題。方法：透過立意取樣與滾雪球形式，招募醫學系五年級以及六年級見習醫學生，共30名參與研究。資料蒐集方式則是依據訪談大綱進行面對面的質性訪談。資料分析採主題分析方法。結果：研究資料顯示，見習醫學生在見習期間不僅能夠覺察到醫病互動關係裡存在的性別刻板印象與歧視，更具備自我反思能力，理解性別定義裡的生物性別以及社會性別類別如何引發醫療場域裡的職業性別隔離現象。再者，見習醫學生在醫學教育裡所學習到的不歧視原則，不僅促使醫學生具備性別平等意識，在性別敏感的就醫議題上，具備性別尊重能力，看見不同性別或性別取向的他者經驗，更能藉由積極性別行動，實踐性別友善醫療環境的營造。結論：性別敏感度與性別知能是醫師專業素養中重要的一環，除了看見性別是與醫病關係裡就醫經驗有所關聯，更應看見不同性別角色在醫師專業養成過程中所傳遞的性別訊息。

Objectives. This study aimed to investigate gender concerns noticed or encountered by medical students during clinical clerkships.
Methods. Thirty medical students in their fifth and sixth years were selected for faceto- face qualitative interviews using purposive and snowball sampling.
Results. The findings suggest that medical students should be mindful of gender stereotypes and prejudices while interacting with patients, as well as how sex and gender definitions may lead to segregation in the workplace, especially in terms of specialty choice. Additionally, the nondiscrimination principle taught to medical students in medical schools encourages them to not only be aware of gender equality but also respect gender in gender-sensitive medical issues, consider others’experiences with different genders or gender orientations, and actively promote a gender-friendly medical environment through supportive actions.
Conclusion. Gender sensitivity and knowledge are important aspects of physicians’professionalism. Aside from recognizing that gender is related to medical experience in the doctor-patient interaction, future physicians will also be affected by gendered working settings, which might lead medical students to choose a gender-friendly specialty.