陳其寬建築師作品中的複雜與矛盾──試論僑生大學規畫設計中「不尋常」的創新

Complexity and Contradiction in the Works of Architect Chen Chi-Kwan: Examining the “Unconventional” Innovations in the Planning and Design of the Academy of Preparatory Programs for Overseas Chinese Students

國立僑生大學先修班是陳其寬先生最後一件大學校園規畫作品，乍看之下沿用了先前的做法，實則具有空間概念與形式表現上的革新，值得從別開生面的觀點來探討。僑大的設計從局部來看似乎有違常理，然而從整體來看，這些不尋常的設計判斷卻又顯得非如此不可。其實這樣的做法正符合Robert Venturi在《建築中的複雜與矛盾》一書中提到的「不僅—卻又」概念；陳先生的藏書中便有這部著作。筆者認為這是理解僑大的一把鑰匙，如此才能解讀陳先生在僑大不尋常的、乍看之下矛盾的設計手法。本文以五個角度探討僑大規畫設計中的複雜與矛盾：（1）「矛盾」的校園中軸線；（2）曖昧的內／外關係；（3）轉接空間的「雙重機能元素」；（4）新、舊意義交疊的「退化元素」；（5）既遠又近的世外桃源，並結合陳先生的「宇宙迴旋」系列畫作進行圖像空間、視覺空間的分析，一窺他晚年對於道家宇宙觀、環形世界的體悟和再現。

The Academy of Preparatory Programs for Overseas Chinese Students, as Chen Chi-kwan’s architectural project in his later years, was truly a spatial and conceptual innovation rather than a seemingly succession of his previous approaches. The way of designing the Academy might seem to deviate from traditional architectural norms if you view it from a partial perspective. However, when shift your position and view it holistically, such seemingly unconventional design decisions paradoxically make sense. In fact, this phenomenon coincidentally aligned with Robert Venturi’s concept of“Both-And”from his book“Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture”–a monograph that Chen Chi-kwan himself had in his collection. The author finds it the breakthrough point to thoroughly understand and interpret Chen’s unconventional and seemingly contradictory planning and design decisions for the Academy. This article explores this topic from the following five aspects. 1. The“Contradictory”Central Axis of the Campus; 2. Ambiguous Interior-Exterior Relationship; 3.“Dual-Functioning Elements”in Transitional Spaces; 4.“Vestigial Element”with New and Old Meanings Combined; 5. An Arcadia that is“Both Distant and Close.”Combined with“Visual Space”and“Pictorial Space”analytical reading of Chen Chi-kwan’s“Cosmic Vertigo”series of paintings, the author reveals Chen’s representation and insights into Taoist Cosmology and the Circular World in the design of the Academy.