論事業濫用市場優勢地位之執法趨勢──以資訊共享為核心

The Enforcement Trend of Enterprises Abusing Their Market Dominance Position–Focusing on Information Sharing

線上平臺之經營者，或有藉由資訊共享，形成市場優勢地位。本文擬以加拿大之競爭法制為例，探究加拿大於2023年12月修正施行之《競爭法》，與相關配套措施。加拿大競爭局依據《濫用市場優勢地位執法處理原則》，以主觀與客觀之要件，判斷是否屬於濫用市場優勢地位之不當競爭；並發布《濫用市場優勢地位條款》，判斷以資訊共享弱化競爭，使特定事業具有競爭優勢之情形。在實務案例上，加拿大多倫多房地產委員會以資料庫之使用，實質控制加拿大多倫多地區的房地產市場；挪威線上圖書事業，藉由交換資訊，壟斷市場；葡萄牙競爭管理局裁罰銀行間交換商業機敏資訊之行為。本研究並評析臺灣之競爭法制實務，歸結國際執法趨勢，提供臺灣競爭法主管機關借鑑。

The online platform operators might have market dominance position through sharing information. The thesis would take the legislation of Canada as an example, analyzing the amended and implemented“Competition Act＂of Canada in December 2023, and its supporting measures. According to the“Abuse of Dominance Enforcement Guidelines＂, the Competition Bureau of Canada used the subjective and objective elements for determining whether the behavior had been belonged to the unfair competition of abuse market dominance position or not; moreover, issued the“Abuse of Dominance Provisions＂to judge on what situation that information sharing might weaken competition, and the specific enterprises might have competitive advantage. In cases, the Canada Toronto Real Estate Board substantial controlled the real estate market in Canada Toronto by using the database. The Norwegian online book enterprises monopolized market through the exchange of information. The Portuguese Competition Authority also punished the exchanging of sensitive business information between banks. The thesis would research the practice of competition law in Taiwan, and generalizing the international law enforcement which could learn from.