羅伯特．達汀的「巨匠之徑」塑像

Robert Tatin's Statues of the Alley of the Giants

羅伯特‧達汀是二十世紀法國畫家、雕塑家、陶藝家和建築師。他的作品給人的第一印象是樸拙感，常被視為樸素藝術家。達汀費時二十一年打造一座結合東西方藝術精神的「異域博物館」。其中的「巨匠之徑」是通往該博物館核心的塑像群，包含十九尊以法國為本位，涵蓋歷史、語言、文學和美術上知名人物。本文以藝術史的視角探討「巨匠之徑」的塑像，他自學、拜師各類手藝匠人，與當時興盛的超現實主義者往來。旅居南美期間他深受當地草原文化的感動，使其風格逐漸往原始主義的方向蛻變。「巨匠之徑」在「異域博物館」中扮演連接世俗生活與精神世界的橋樑角色。這些塑像含有幾何、樸素、裝飾和象徵的特點。達汀並不是單純地再現人物以供膜拜紀念，塑像的核心是超現實主義所倡導的精神自由，亦反映出達汀的一生經歷和世界觀。

Robert Tatin is a 20th century French painter, sculptor, ceramist and builder. On first impression, his work is unadorned, people often regard him as a naïve artist. Tatin devoted 21 years to creating the Strange Museum that combines the Eastern and Western artistic styles and spirits. There are 19 statues in the Alley of the Giants which is a path leading visitors to the museum. The statues represent famous peoples in French history, language, literature and art. This paper focuses on the sculptures of the Alley of the Giants from an art history perspective. Robert Tatin was an autodidact, then learned from different craftsmen, and mixed with surrealists who were popular in that period. During his stay in South America, he was deeply impressed by the local prairie culture, which influenced his artist style towards primitivism. The Alley of the Giants acts as a bridge between secular life and the spiritual world. The features of these statues are geometrical, unadorned, decorative and significant. Tatin didn’t simply represent famous peoples as monuments for worships. The central theme of these statues is freedom which is the spirit of the surrealism. They reflect Tatin’s life experiences and vision of the world.